Hair & Beauty Glossary

A hair & beauty glossary that provides you with all the common hair & beauty terms and their definitions so you are completely in the know.

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Word	Meaning
Abdomen	The soft area between the rib cage and the pubic area. A common area for excess hair, often in a line from the belly button to the pubic hair.
Abrasion	The process of scraping or wearing hair away. Causing partial or complete absence of hair from areas.
Accelerated Vellus Syndrome	The anagen phase of cyclic follicular activity is extended. This results in hairs gaining greater length. These hairs retain their colourless downy vellus characteristics.
Accelerator	A product that works under the surface of the skin and provides the necessary ingredients for melanin production, which will accelerate the rate at which the skin tans. An accelerator is most effective when used after a shower or at least four hours before tanning.
Accent Color	Usually a sharp, intense color used as a contrast or pickup for color scheme. It is used to add excitement to an overall effect
Acetone	A chemical formed in the blood when the body uses fat instead of glucose (sugar) for energy. If acetone forms, it usually means that the cells do not have enough insulin, or cannot use the insulin that is in the blood, to use glucose for energy.
Acid	A liquid, usually corrosive with a pH lower than 7, opposite of an alkali.
Acid Mantle	The combination of sweat and sebum that provides the skin’s protective coating.
Acid Perm	An acid perm produces permanent hair waves with curls that are actually softer than an alkaline perm. It also has a pH from 6.5 to 8.0.
Acne	An inflammation of the skin, a result of over production of oil and bacteria. (Active Acne or Acne Vulgaris). (acme, acnee)
Acne Keloidalis Nuchae	A skin condition commonly affecting curly haired Afro-males which presents as itchy follicular papules which enlarge and become keloidal. Common sites include the occiput (the scalp area between the ears). Follicular pustules (folliculitis) may exist. The scars are hairless. The condition may persist for many years.
Acne Spot Treatment	Typically in a gel or cream form, contains a high concentration of blemish-fighting ingredients (usually benzoyl peroxide and/or salicylic acid). Because of the high concentration, you should only apply the product on a particular problem area, not your entire face (hence the title “spot treatment”).
Actinic Keratosis	A small rough spot on skin chronically exposed to the sun, occurs most frequently in fair skinned people.
Activator	A chemical ingredients that is specifically added to hair bleach to speed up the action of the bleach without unnecessarily damaging the hair. Also referred to as Booster, Bleach Boosters or Bleach Accelerators.
Active Ingredient	The substance which, contained in a product, actually does the main part of the work that the product is used for.
Acupressure	A method of relieving pain by pressing down on an area of the body.
Acupuncture	A method of relieving pain by inserting needles into the skin.
Adrenal	A gland that affects certain types of hair growth.
Afro Hairstyle	A rounded, thick, tightly curled hair style.
Airbrush Foundation	Traditionally used by professional makeup artists, has made its way to the at-home market in recent years. Packaged either in an aerosol spray can or as a liquid that you can attach to a misting machine, airbrush foundation allows you to apply foundation as an ultra fine mist, which translates to a smooth, beautiful finish.
Albinism	A recessive hereditary trait which presents as white hair due to defective melanin production thought to be caused by a mutation within genes. Albinos have no melanin pigment and do not tan. Their skin is otherwise normal. Albinism affects people from all races.
Alcohol	A liquid sometimes used for disinfecting skin before and after treatment. ethyl grain isopropyl.
Alexandrite	Laser at 755nm used for hair removal.
A-Line Bob	An A-line Bob is a geometric bob with a straight fringe, so called because of the resemblance to the capital A, with it’s horizontal line, the fringe and its legs the hair passing your ears.
Alkali	A liquid with a pH higher than 7. Alkalis are used in depilatory creams that dissolve hair, and galvanic electrolysis produces alkalis which can destroy a hair follicle.
Alkaline	A substance with a pH greater than 7; non acidic.
Alkaline Perm	A chemically based permanent waving product that has a pH from 7.5 to 9.5. Stronger than acid perms, alkaline perms are designed to produce tight, firm, springy curls rather than the looser curls produced by acid perms.
Allergen	Allergen is a substance that causes an allergic reaction.
Allergy	A bodily reaction to an irritant. Skin allergies can be exacerbated by solutions put on the skin.
Aloe Vera	Known as the “first aid” plan, aloe vera is taken from the inner leaves of the plant. It is a water/gel-like substance that is known for its ability to soothe irritated skin, especially sunburned skin. It is also a soothing anti-inflammatory that can be used in lotions, creams, cleansers and other products.”
Alopecia	Loss of hair, especially from the head, which either happens naturally or is caused by disease
Alopecia Adnata	Congenital baldness or baldness at birth.
Alopecia Androgenetic	This is the common name for male or female pattern baldness which depends on the genetic predisposition of the hair follicles and the levels of DHT in the body.
Alopecia Areata	Alopecia Areata is the medical term for hair loss which occurs in patches on the scalp.
Alopecia Follicularis	Hair loss due to inflammation of hair follicles.
Alopecia Neurotica	Baldness following a nervous disorder or injury to the nervous system.
Alopecia Senilis	Alopecia senilis is baldness due to old age.
Alopecia Totalis	This is the complete loss of scalp hair often combined with the loss of eyebrows and eyelashes
Alopecia Universalis	Alopecia Universalis is the term for hair loss which occurs over the entire body.
Alpha Hydroxy Acid	Known as AHA, these solutions are used as exfoliants. They can help reduce ingrown hairs and improve the look of skin.
Alternating Current	The type of electricity that comes from a wall outlet (AC), as opposed to direct current (DC).
Amino Acid	A chemical substance found in plants and animals. The building blocks of hair.
Aminophenols	Phenol derivatives used in combination with other chemicals in permanent (two step) hair dyes.
Ammonia	An alkaline ingredient used in some permanent hair color. Ammonia is an ingredient that results in a chemical action that decolorizes the hair.
Ammonium Thioglycolate	A common ingredient in chemical depilatories.
Amortization	The process of converting one enzyme to another.
Ampere	A measurement of electrical current.
Amphoteric	A mild nonirritating surfactant (an agent that allows oil to mix with water) often used in shampoos; leaves hair manageable and is gentle enough for chemically treated hair.
Anaesthetic	A substance used to relieve all feeling.
Anagen	This is the growing phase of the hair cycle which lasts about seven years in a healthy person. The active stage in a hair growth cycle.
Anagen Cycle	The active stage in a hair growth cycle.
Anagen Effluvium	Hair shafts are produced by follicles within the skin in all but few locations viz – palms soles, lips, eyelids, backs of distal phalanges and parts of the external genitalia. Each productive hair follicle provides hair shafts throughout the life of the person. Some follicles may intermittently produce vellus or terminal hairshafts.
Analgesic	A substance used to relieve pain.
Anaphoresis	The forcing of liquids into skin from the negative to the positive pole. The opposite is cataphoresis.
Androgen	Hormone that causes masculine characteristics and affects hair growth. Higher androgen levels can lead to increased amounts of hair.
Androgens	Androgens are often referred to as male hormones.
Angled Eyeshadow Brush	Anthat’s short, fluffy, and angled, this option works as an all-in-one when applying shadow. Turn the brush on its side for crease application, use it flat for awash application, and tilt it on its angle for shadow on the inner corner.
Anode	A positive electrode.
Antiandrogen	An antiandrogen blocks the effects of androgens, normally by blocking the receptor sites.
Anti-Androgen	A drug or product that limited the effects of androgens (male hormones)
Antibiotic	A drug or preparation used to prevent and treat infection.
Anti-Frizz Cream	Particularly formulated for coarse, curly, or naturally frizzy hair, cream can be applied in small amounts to damp hair to protect from frizz during the day for a smooth look.
Antiseptic	A chemical agent that prevent the growth of bacteria.
Apple Cider Vinegar	A natural solvent in oils and creams. It acidifies products. When used in shampoos and rinses, it separates individual hairs so they can be thoroughly cleansed. Sounds like a great addition to the shampoo of bears, hairy men and Husky dogs.
Areola	The pigmented area surrounding the nipple. A very common area for hair growth.
Arnica	Arnica has been used in Europe for centuries to treat swelling, soreness and bruising. Arnica may significantly increase healing time or the appearance of such. There are many formulations from different companies including a stronger formulation that some plastic surgeons recommend for their patients.
Arrector Pili Muscles	A microscopic band of muscle tissue which connects a hair follicle to the dermis. When stimulated, the arrector pili will contract and cause the hair to become more perpendicular to the skin surface (stand on end). This causes the hairs to stand up and causes goosebumps.
Atopic Dermatitis	Also known as eczema.
Autoclave	A machine used to sterilize medical utensils and some hair removal devices.
Axilla	The medical term for armpit, a common place for gonadal hair after puberty. Armpit hair is referred to medically as axillary hair.
Azelaic Acid	Azelaic acid like Retin-A is more commonly used in the treatment of acne and other skin conditions.
B5	Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5 (a B vitamin), is a water-soluble vitamin required to sustain life (essential nutrient). Pantothenic acid is needed to form coenzyme-A (CoA), and is critical in the metabolism and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Bacteria	An organism responsible for infection.
Barba	Medical term for beard.
Barbicide	Brand name of sanitizer used to disinfect salon implements.
Basic Shade	A natural or neutral color.
Bb Cream	A lightweight alternative to foundation, gives five main results, including hydrating, priming, concealing, treating, and protecting skin. Many BB Creams also include SPF.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia	Benign prostatic hyperplasia is non-cancerous enlargement of the prostrate gland. The prostate gland swells, which reduces the urine flow and prevents the bladder from emptying.
Benzoyl Peroxide Wash	Ladies with blemish-prone skin, pay attention. Benzoyl peroxide is a key ingredient used in many acne treatments, working to keep skin clear and cleansed by fighting the bacteria that causes acne. It’s available in both face and body wash products, so depending on where you’re seeing acne on your skin, use the corresponding product.
Betaine	A natural conditioning substance for example – from molasses or sugar beet.
Biopsy	A section of skin tissue removed for clinical observation.
Birth Control	Drugs that sometimes cause increased hair growth.
Birthmarks	Discolored skin that should be examined and approved by a physician before hair removal.
Black Skin	Probably the most difficult type of skin from which to remove hair, Type VI on the Fitzpatrick scale.
Blackheads	A type of clogged pore in the skin with a visible black plug.
Blanching	A whitening of the skin sometimes caused by some types of hair removal. Also called hypopigmentation.
Bleach	A method used to disguise (not remove) hair by lightening its color
Blemish	Blood or pigment based visible mark (blimish, blemish)
Blend	A modality of electrolysis which uses both thermolysis and galvanic methods.
Blending Sponge	An upgrade from the drugstore makeup sponges from the past, are typically rounded, egg-shaped sponges with one tapered end and one broader end. Use the tapered end on more detailed areas of your face, then use the wider end for larger areas like your cheeks and forehead. For best results, dampen the sponge before applying makeup.
Blister	A small fluid-filled bubble on the skin caused by heat from over treatment with certain types of hair removal.
Blonde Hair	Is not as visible, but it’s also harder to treat. Lasers have limited effects on it because of its lack of pigment, and it is difficult to see against the skin.
Blotting Papers	As thin as tissue paper and coated in a layer of powder or another mattifying ingredient, blotting papers work to gently remove oil, bacteria, and excess dirt from your face, especially in the T-zone.
Blow Dry Spray	Apply blow dry spray to towel dried hair for heat protection and faster dry time with your hair dryer. Available in a spray bottle, most blow dry sprays also help your style to last longer.
Boar Bristle	A bristle commonly used in natural bristle brushes.
Bob	The Bob was the classic look of the 50s and 60s; the style was short and straight but blow-dried and curled under. At it’s worst the style could make you look like a mushroom, but at best with the curl accentuating your cheekbones it created an incredibly sexy look.
Body	The volume or springiness of hair.
Body Milk	Similar to body lotion but in a liquid form, body milk is used to hydrate skin for overall moisturization. Usually infused with vitamins for a richer result, body milk is great for sensitive and dry skin.
Body Oil	With quick absorption and a glowing result, body oil is a good hydration alternative to body lotion if you’re looking for a fast-drying formula.
Bonding	To attach wefted hair to the natural hair with a latex or surgical type adhesive.
Botanical	Refers to a product containing plants or ingredients made from plants.
Braid	To weave strands of hair together. On the scalp braiding is used to form a base or track to sew on a commercial weft. This is the cornrow technique. Off the scalp braiding is used for traditional braiding styles and various methods adding extensions such as Warlocks.
Brassy	Refers to unflattering warm tones in hair color created by chemicals or damage.
Broken Capillaries	These tiny blood vessels at the surface of the skin appear as streaks or blotches. Most common on the face they are cause by ageing, sun and trauma. Whilst not harmful they can be unsightly.
Brow Pencil	Whether you’re in the midst of or you’re simply going for a bolder look, as one of the easiest ways to enhance your eyebrows. Similar to an eyeliner pencil, brow pencils come in traditional and twist-up pencil form, and are used to shade your eyebrows. Choose a shade about one hue lighter than your natural brow color, and once you’re done using the pencil, comb through with a spoolie brush for a more natural finish.
Bruise	A discoloration of skin from blood, sometimes caused by electrolysis, plucking, or waxing. Also known as Purpura.
Buffer	A tool to make the surface of nails smooth and even, use a nail buffer to get a base for the best manicure possible. Some buffers also give maximum shine, but this step is best used when you’re planning on not using polish over your nails.
Bulb	The root of a hair, so named because it’s wider at the base.
Bulbous Needle	A type of electrolysis needle.
Bulge	A point midway up the hair follicle which researchers suspect must be damaged to induce permanent hair removal
Bulk Hair	Term for loose commercial hair. This hair is used for creating wefts or for services like fusion.
Caci	This acronym stands for Computer Aided Cosmetology Instrument; which is non-surgical face lift.
Cajeput	Tea tree oil is an extraction from the Melaleuca tree. Tea tree oil should not be confused with tea oil, the sweet seasoning and cooking oil from pressed seeds of the tea plant (drinking tea) Camellia sinensis or the tea oil plant Camellia oleifera. (Cajeput)
Calamine	A pink ointment sometimes used to treat skin irritation
Calcium Thioglycolate	The active dissolving ingredient in many cream depilatories
Canities	(The ‘greying of hair’) – a pigment deficiency frequently seen in middle-aged people of either sex. Close examination of greying hair confirms that it is an illusion caused by the presence of white hairs among a percentage of normal dark pigmented hairs.
Capillaries	Small blood vessels which connect the arteries and veins that feed the hair.
Carbomer	A polymer on the basis of acrylic acid. Provides a thickening, gelling action and consistency regulator for cosmetic products.
Carbon Dioxide Laser	Also known as a CO2 laser, these are commonly used to perform skin resurfacing.
Castration	The surgical removal of one or both testicles or overies.
Catagen	This is the end of the active growth period, and is marked by changes occurring in the follicle.
Cataphoresis	The forcing of substances into the skin from a positive to a negative pole. It is sometimes used after electrolysis to firm skin and reduce redness.
Cathode	A negative electrode in a cell or circuit.
Cationic	Possessing a positive electrical charge. Cationic detergents are often used in shampoos because they reduce static electricity and leave the hair manageable.
Cationic Polymer	Positively charges the hair to provide manageability and reduces static.
Catogen	The resting stage of the hair cycle.
Cc Cream	Similar to a the lightweight coverage of BB cream but one step further,works to color correct uneven skin tone, discoloration, or dark spots. Many CC creams are also targeted towards anti-aging needs, working to smooth the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles plus they also include SPF.
Cellulite	A collection of fat cells resulting from poor lymphatic drainage, fluid retention, poor circulation, not drinking enough water, a sedentary lifestyle and hormones. (cellulite, cellulight, cellulite)
Cellulite Reduction	Clinic based method of reducing the appearance of cellulite (Celulite Reduction, Cellulight Reduction, Cellulite Removal)
Cetyl Alcohol (Fatty Alcohol)	A gentle humectant, lather booster, and emulsifier. In hair products, it is used to smooth and soften the hair cuticle.
Chamomile	Used in many products for blonde hair to enhance color.
Chelating	A deep cleansing process which strips the hair lightly before a chemical service. Also known as clarifying.
Chemical Depilatories	Powder or cream preparations that dissolve hair above the surface of the skin. Some find these products very irritating to the skin.
Chignon	A chignon is a sophisticated, elegant up style, where long hair is twisted (either in a roll or knot) and pinned from the nape of neck.
Chilltip	A patented contact cooling device used in laser hair removal.
Chitosan	A natural polymer obtained from sea crustaceans protects the hair.
Chromophore	The substructure that is responsible for the spectral selective absorption of electromagnetic radiation.
Cicatricial Alopecia	This is baldness due to scarring. The follicles are absent in scar tissue.
Cilia	Medical term for eyelashes. Ingrown eyelashes should never be removed except under the supervision of a trained medical specialist
Clarifier	A clarifying shampoo is slightly stronger than everyday shampoos and is designed to remove products, hard water or chlorine residue that have built-up over time. These types of shampoos usually have a higher pH level and therefore should not be used regularly as they may dry out the hair and scalp. Use every 2-4 shampoos or the week before a chemical treatment. Always finish with a conditioner.
Clearing	A method of hair removal in which all hair in an area is removed at once, as opposed to thinning.
Climbazole	Highly effective active anti-dandruff ingredient. Combats bacteria on the scalp.
Clone	A group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived form a single common cell.
Club Hair	A non-living hair in the last stages of the hair growth cycle, it is detached from the follicle but has not yet shed.
Coagulation	The process by which blood clots, and can be induced by heat or chemicals.
Coarse	A classification for stronger, thicker types of hair.
Cocamide Dea	Either made synthetically or derived from the kernel of the coconut, it gives lather and cleans skin and hair.
Coherent Light	Light that stays focused, a property of lasers.
Cold Sore	A viral infection that appears around the mouth. Hair removal, especially electrolysis and lasers, should not be performed around visible cold sores.
Collagen	A protein that holds all connective tissue together under the skin. Collagen is sometimes damaged by plucking or electrolysis, which can lead to dimpling on the skin. Collagen, from a plant, is also used to fill in scars and augment lips, often with temporary results.
Cologne	A combination of water containing alcohol and fragrant oils. Not to be confused with a concentrated perfume.
Comedogenic	Causes blackheads (Comedones).
Comedones	A medical term for blackheads.
Concealer	Used to cover, uneven skin tone, and blemishes, concealer works to hide any problem area on your skin.For blemishes that are particularly red, use a green tinted concealer as it will neutralize the red. When concealing dark circles, choose a pink or orange toned concealer as it will neutralize the dark blue or purple tones under your eyes.
Concealer Brush	A round-topped, short-haired, sturdy brush that allows you to apply and blend concealer, grab a concealer brush for smooth, even application every time.
Conditioner	Creamy hair product meant to be used after shampoo. Moisturizes and detangles hair.
Congenital	A condition that is hereditary. Excess hair often runs in the family.
Contact Cooling	A method of cooling the epidermis immediately prior to laser irradiation in hopes of reducing or eliminating damage to the skin’s surface.
Continuous Stimulation Technique	A pain reduction method in which the client is distracted by something during treatment (music, etc).
Contouring Cream	When to give the appearance of stronger bone structure and definition, a contouring cream comes in handy. Formulated as a cream for a smooth finish, contouring cream looks similar to a concealer, but is meant to be darker than your skin. Choose a shade about one to two shades darker than your natural skin tone, and apply with a damp makeup sponge to your jawline, temples, underneath your cheekbones, and the sides of your nose. Blend, blend, blend for a natural look.
Cornrow	Term used to describe an on the scalp braid. These braids can be used to form a track for the cornrow weaving method.
Cortex	The cortex is the main structure of the hair shaft. The cortex determines the color and texture of the hair. The largest section of a single hair, containing the main bulk of the hair.
Cortisone	An anti-inflammatory sometimes linked to hair growth when taken internally.
Cosmetics	certain types of cosmetics (especially liquid foundations and powders) can be used to conceal but not remove hair. Some women and men use this method in conjunction with a hair removal method. Some methods of hair removal require you not use cosmetics immediately after in speed skin recovery.
Couture Cut	A couture cut is a high-fashion cut, which is totally exclusive and specifically tailored to your lifestyle and wardrobe.
Cream Blush	Typically in a small pot or a tube, comes in a variety of shades to give you a flush of color. Use your fingers to apply a small amount of the cream to the apples of your cheeks. Because of the formula, cream blush typically lasts longer on your skin than a powder blush.
Cream Rinse	A mixture of wax, thickeners, and a group of chemicals used to coat the hair shaft and detangle after shampooing.
Crop	Originally the word crop as an alternative to haircut, without any specific meaning to the style of the cut.
Crown	Area at the top of the head.
Crusting	Dried fluid that seeps from skin in some clients following hair removal such as laser, electrolysis, and depilatories. It’s best to keep these crusts clean and not pick them to avoid infection and scarring. These crusts are also called eschars.
Curling Wand	A tapered, clip-less wand used for curling hair,allow for any kind of curls from tight ringlets to loose, beach waves depending on how you place hair around the barrel. Wands typically also come with a glove for your curling hand to prevent any burns that may happen.
Current	The flow of electricity, either alternating (AC like a wall outlet) or direct (DC like a battery).
Curved Follicles	A relatively rare condition which makes certain hair removal methods more difficult and can lead to ingrown hairs.
Cushing Syndrome	A disease caused by a tumour on the adrenal gland, which can cause excess hair growth.
Cutaneous	Relating to the skin.
Cuticle	The hard outer protective layer of the hair. Healthy cuticles impart sheen to the hair.
Cuticle Oil	Usually found in a nail polish-like bottle,helps soften and moisturize cuticles for a smooth, hydrated manicure. Use the oil at the base of the nail and all the way up on each side of the nail for best results.
Cuticles	The hair cuticles form a protective layer which covers the shaft of hair. If your hair is coloured or bleached they can spread out, split or become bloated due to over processing.
Cutting-In	The term used to describe getting a ‘hair cut’ and having your new hairpiece styled for the first time when you first receive it. It involves a simple hair cut and blending in of the hairpiece with your existing hair. A regular hair dresser can do this although it is sometimes recommended that a stylist familiar with hairpieces does it.
Cyclodextrins	Cyclodextrins are produced from starch by means of enzymatic conversion. Over the last few years they have found a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries as well as agriculture and environmental engineering. It is also the chief active compound found in Procter and Gamble’s deodorizing product “Febreze”.”
Cyproterone Acetate	This drug is normally used to reduce sex drive in men who have an excessive sex drive. It is also prescribed to treat hirsuitism and androgenetic alopecia in women.
Cyst	A closed sac or capsule usually filled with fluid or semisolid material.
Danazol	A drug sometimes linked to excess hair growth.
Dandruff	Flaking scalp due to excessive cell production.
Dark Spot Corrector	Dark spots are caused by acne scars, sun damage, and genetics, but dark spot correctors work to improve these issues to even out your skin tone for a radiant complexion. Found in serum and cream form,have lightening agents that work with pigmentation issues to even out skin.
Deep Penetrating Treatment	A conditioner for hair meant for occasional use. Of greater intensity than ordinary conditioners. Formulas usually contain protein, vitamins, and moisture to help dry, damaged hair.
Depilate	Removal of hair on the surface of the skin. Examples include shaving or the use of depilatory creams.
Depilation	The temporary removal of hair.
Depilatories	Substances used to dissolve hair above the skin’s surface.
Depth	The darkness or lightness of a color.
Dermabrasion	A cosmetic procedure used to smooth skin and reduce scars.
Dermal Papilla	The dermal papilla is situated at the base of the hair follicle. The dermal papilla contains nerves and blood vessels which supply glucose for energy and amino acids to make keratin.A tiny bulge at the root of a hair, believed to be one of the primary targets in permanent hair removal.
Dermal Sheath	A lining around a hair.
Dermatitis	Atopic Dermatitis is also known as Eczema. Contact Dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin caused by direct contact with an irritating substance.
Dermatologist	A doctor specializing in skin and hair conditions.
Dermis	The deepest layers of the skin, where blood vessels, lymph channels, nerve endings, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, fat cells, hair follicles and muscles are located. The dermis varies in thickness over different sites of the body.
Developer	A product which oxidises artificial colour pigment.
Dexamethosone	A steroid anti-inflammatory which sometimes causes hair growth.
Dht (Dihydrotestosterone)	DHT is a male hormone that is suggested to be the main cause for the miniaturisation of the hair follicle and for hair loss. DHT is formed when the male hormone testosterone interacts with the enzyme 5-alpha reductase.
Diabetes	A disease where the body improperly produces insulin, sometimes linked to excess hair growth.
Diameter	A measurement across the width of the hair.
Diathermy	Another name for thermolysis.
Diazoxide	A drug sometimes linked to excess hair growth.
Diet	Is sometimes linked to excess hair growth, especially in the extremely obese and extremely anorexic.
Diffuser	A Diffuser is an adapter you put on the end of your hair dryer; it’s generally circular with a number of pins sticking out from it.
Dilantin	A drug sometimes linked to excess hair growth.
Dimethicone	Detangling aid which conditions, protects against humidity, adds shine.
Diode	A semiconductive material which mainly lets energy travel one direction and not the other. Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are used for the numeric displays on microwaves and VCRS as well as for lasers.
Direct Current	Also called DC, it is a type of electrical energy that travels in one direction. The other type is alternating current (AC). Direct current is used in the Galvanic electrolysis method to cause a chemical reaction in the hair follicle.
Discomfort	Varies greatly by individual and body area. Electrolysis is generally considered most painful, followed by laser, plucking, waxing and finally pulse light sources. Body areas most prone to discomfort are underneath the nostrils, around the lips, and the bikini zone.
Distorted Hair Follicles	A relatively rare condition in which the follicle is not straight. This condition can make waxing and electrolysis more difficult and can lead to ingrown hairs and is very successfully treated using pulsed light
Donor Site	Site where hair roots are taken from during transplant surgery.
Dotting Tool	Used in nail art, ais a skinny metal tool with a small metal ball at the end. To create dots on your nails, dip the metal ball into a drop of nail polish, then place the dotting tool on your nail.
Double-Blind	A clinical testing method in which neither patient nor doctor know what medication or procedure is being used.
Dreadlocks	A hairstyle in which the hair naturally or through manipulation is encouraged to matte and form a cylindrical, rope-like pattern. Dreadlocks may take several months to well over a year to form and are considered a permanent style. In order to remove dreadlocks, one must cut them.
Drug Treatment	Excess hair can be increased or decreased by certain drugs. These drugs often affect hormonal levels. Consult a physician if a drug seems to be causing increased hair growth.
Dry Shampoo	is an aerosol spray that works to absorb excess oil in hair while giving it body and a bit of texture. Spray dry shampoo a few inches away from the roots, underneath the top layer of hair, then gently comb through with fingers to distribute the product.
Dutasteride	A medication under development by Glaxo-Welcome for the treatment of BPH, which is a dual inhibitor of the 5-Alpa Reductase enzymes responsible for converting tostosterone to DHT.
Dynamic Cooling	A method of epidermal cooling which cools the skin with supercooled liquid immediately before a laser pulse is applied.
Ears	A common place for hair removal in older males. Only hair on the outer ear should be treated, and never inside the ear canal due to risk of infection.
Eccrine Gland	A medical term for sweat gland. These tiny pores do not contain hair follicles.
Eczema	Also called contact dermatitis, it’s a mild inflammation of the skin.
Edema (Oedema)	A medical term for swelling.
Efficacy	A term meaning how well or effectively a cosmetic device works.
Elasticity	The hair’s ability to stretch without breaking and then return to its original shape.
Electric Tweezer	A device that removes hair by grasping hairs above the skin’s surface with an electrified tweezer. FDA has stated that no electric tweezers have shown evidence that they can perform permanent hair removal.
Electrocoagulation	The use of heat generated by electricity to change tissue from a fluid to a semi-solid, similar to cooking an egg. Electrocoagulation is the operating method behind flash thermolysis.
Electrode	In hair removal, a conductor through which electricity enters or leaves the body. An electrolysis needle is an electrode.
Electrology	The practice of hair removal through the use of electrified needles, invented in the 1870’s. Electrologist a practitioner of electrology.
Electrolysis	In hair removal, the practice of epilation with electrified needles. Electrolysis was originally the name for hair removal with direct current only (also called galvanic), although the term is generally applied to all three modalities of epilation with an electrified needle.
Emla	Is a prescription topical anaesthetic used by some clients of laser and electrolysis to reduce and eliminate pain.
Emollients	Ingredients that soften or smooth.
Emulsifier	A thickening agent and/or binding agent added to products to change their physical composition (joins two or more ingredients together). For example, it can turn a lotion into a cream.
Endocrine System	A group of glands which maintain the body’s internal environment through the production of hormones. Imbalances in this system can sometimes lead to increased or decreased hair. Glands in the endocrine system include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes
Energy Density	Term used to measure the output energy for Lasers and Pulsed Light Sources. Quoted in J/cm2 (Joules per square centimetre). See Fluence.
Enzyme	Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e. accelerate) and control the rates of chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates, and the enzyme converts them into different molecules, the products. Almost all processes in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at significant rates. Since enzymes are extremely selective for their substrates and speed up only a few reactions from among many possibilities, the set of enzymes made in a cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell.
Epidermis	The thin outer layer of skin, on top of the thicker and deeper dermis.
Epilation	The removal of hair below the skin’s surface (as opposed to depilation). Epilation methods include plucking, waxing, electrolysis and laser.
Erythema	A medical term for the redness that sometimes follows hair removal and skin rejuvenation.
Eschar	A small temporary scab that occurs sometimes after electrolysis, especially after overtreatment.
Essential Fatty Acids (EFA)	EFA preserve the resilence and flexibility of your hair. It’s common for hair products to contain natural or synethetic EFA’s like cetyl alcohol
Essential Oil	The essence of a plant, removed by compressing, steaming, dissolving or distilling. These oils produce the strongest odors, flavors, or medicinal properties when used in a product.
Estrogen	One of a group of hormonal steroid compounds that promote the development of female secondary sex characteristics.
Estrogen (Oestrogen)	A female hormone sometimes linked to increased hair growth.
Exfoliating	A process of removing the top dead skin layers to reveal healthier, newer skin underneath.
Exfoliating Powder	Instead of using an exfoliator with large granules or man-made microbeads, is a gentle way to slough away dry, dead skin. After cleansing your face, mix the powder with water to create a thick paste. Massage the paste into your skin for about a minute, and rinse.
Exfoliation	The removal of dead skin cells to reveal softer skin underneath.
Extension	Hair extensions are pieces of real or synthetic weaved close to the scalp in order to achieve greater length and/or fullness.
Extract	An herbal concentrate produced by separating the essential or active part of an herb into a solvent material.
Eye Crayon	A simple application for, an eye crayon is essentially a cream or gel eyeshadow formula packaged into a twist-up crayon. They’re particularly helpful when you’re going for an intricate or more dramatic eyeshadow look (such as a Smokey eye) and you need precision with application.
Eye Cream	While eye creams are typically put in the anti-aging category, targeting fine lines and wrinkles, there are also eye creams designed for dark circles, puffiness, and brightening. Use your ring finger (the weakest) to tap on eye cream at night for the best results. Using eye cream in the morning can create a slippage problem for your eye makeup during the day.
Eyebrow Gel	Similar to the packaging of mascara, comes in a tube with a spoolie wand brush. Colored eyebrow gel is used by ladies who want to fill in their eyebrows but don’t want to worry about the precision of a pencil. Alternatively, clear eyebrow gel is used to keep unruly eyebrows in place all day long.
Eyelash Primer	is a clear or white mascara-like product that’s applied to eyelashes before mascara to enhance the thickness and length of eyelashes. Sometimes, mascara tubes are dual-ended, including an eyelash primer on one end and a mascara on the other to be used together.
Eyelashes	Protective hairs on the eyelid. Some people get ingrown hairs here, which should only be treated under a physician’s care, preferably an ophthalmologist (eye doctor).
Eyeliner Brush	A flat, skinny, angled brush with short bristles, eyeliner brushes are the ultimate tool to create a defined line (especially for a cat eye!) with gel, powder, or cream eyeshadow or liner. Using the eyeliner brush wet will give you an even bolder finished product.
Eyeliner Gel	Eyeliner comes in various forms, but for a graphic, striking look, go for a. Gel liners come in small pots and are meant to be used with eyeliner brushes, giving you incredible precision and a smooth, gliding application. We recommend going for a waterproof gel eyeliner for optimal results.
Eyeshadow Primer	If you’ve got oily eyelids or a long night of makeup ahead of you, you must start your look with eyeshadow primer. Found in both cream and gel formulas, eyeshadow primer is applied directly to the eyelid and works to keep shadow in place by absorbing any kind of oil on your lids. Eyeshadow will adhere to the primer instead of your lid, which gives you serious staying power.
Face Lift	Surgical procedure that lifts and stretches the patients skin to provide a firmer more youthful look. Does not improve appearance of the skin itself. Some face lift patients require hair removal under and behind the ears following this procedure, since hair-bearing skin ends up being moved behind the ear.
Face Mist	A shot of hydration to your face, face mistcomes in a spray bottle and can be used over makeup or on clean skin for a quick burst of moisture throughout the day. If you have dry skin, applying face mist to refresh your look will help keep it at bay.
Face Oil	Oil absorbs more quickly into the skin than a cream, which is whyworks wonders. Most face oils are lightweight and can be used in place of a traditional lotion after cleansing. Contrary to popular belief, using face oil on acne-prone skin will not make breakouts worse.
Face Peel	The at-home version of a face peel is much more watered down than the chemical peel treatment available at a dermatologist’s office. There are many different kinds of face peels for everything from acne-prone skin to uneven skin tone, and the formula works to exfoliate the top layer of skin while making the cell regrowth occur faster. Essentially, it means you’ll see a new, fresh layer of skin faster.
Face Primer	Meant to be worn underneath a full coverage foundation,is applied to clean, dry skin before any makeup to help keep cosmetics in place. Primer smooths out skin and keeps oil at bay to help your makeup stay fresh all day long.
Fashion Shade	A basic colour with added tone.
Feathering	Feathering is a cutting technique hairdressers use to take hard lines out of the hair. By cutting into the hair softer lines are created.
Fibroblasts	Cells within the the extracellular matrix that produce new collagen molecules when stimulated.
Finasteride	Finasteride is the generic name of the brand name drug Proscar. A drug that binds with the type 2 5-Alpha Reductase enzyme to reduce the amount of DHT in the prostate and serum. Proscar is manufactured by Merck and is FDA approved for the treatment of benign prostate enlargement. More recently 1mg tablets of finasteride have been marketed under the brand name Propecia as a treatment for hairloss.
Finishing Spray	A hairspray with medium hold used on a finished style to maintain its shape and hold.
Fluence	Term used to measure the output energy, for Lasers and Pulsed Light Sources, that is delivered to tissue. Quoted in J/cm2 (Joules per square centimetre).
Fly-Away Hair	Fly-away Hair, is thin hair that is charged by static and is a particular problem with straight looks as the hair just won’t lie properly and can spoil your look.
Follicle	An over excitation of melanocytes, darkening of the skin. Can be seen as sun-induced freckles or melasma.
Follicle Sheath	Caused by an absence of melanocytes, whitening of the skin. Vitiligo is a common medical complaint.
Follicles	A hollow or pocket in the skin.
Follicular Hair Transplants	Tea made by steeping an herb’s leaves or flowers in hot water.
Follicular Unit	A hair that does not break the surface of the skin, and grows back inward. Can be severe and cause inflammation, soreness and infection.
Folliculitis	A method in which hair is maintained or tightened using a tool.
Foundation Brush	Process where water molecules are broken down by ions into smaller droplets. This then allows the hair to absorb the moisture more easily. Ionic technology usually uses hot ceramic plates to generate the negatively charge ions
Fragrance	A treatment consisting of short pulses of light sent out through an applicator that is gently pressed against the skin. The light energy is absorbed naturally and, depending on how it is applied, can act beneficially on pigmentation in hair follicles, pigmentation in the skin, or blood lesions such as thread veins. (ILP, intense pulse light, intense pulsed light, intense pulse lite)
Fragrance- Free	Synthetic moisturizer.
Freckles	Contains superior properties to keep skin and hair soft. It is beneficial to dry hair.
Freezing Spray	A unit of energy. Describes energy output for pulsed light based systems.
Fusion	Grab a kabuki brush when you’re applying powder, bronzer, shimmer, or blush. A wide, round, fluffy brush with a large base, the kabuki brush works well for large surface areas on your face and is designed to evenly distribute powder flawlessly.
Gel	A trademark for a Japanese-made synthetic fiber which is used extensively in the manufacture of wigs and hairpieces. It’s popularity is due to its ability to retain its shape after washing, and also to the fine texture of the fiber, making it a desirable choice for simulating the texture of human hair. There are different qualities of Kanekalon fiber.
Gene Therapy	A type of raised darkened scar, more common with dark skin. Due to a defect in the healing process.
Generic	A fibrous protein found in hair, nails, and skin.
Glabella	Keratin is a protein naturally found in hair, skin, and nails that helps with health and strength. Keratin nail treatments are available in polish form. Simply swipe the treatment onto a clean nail and reapply every 3 days or so to strengthen nails.
Glycerin	In place of your hands or a washcloth, a(from Japan) is a small exfoliator sponge used to cleanse your face. It can be used with only water, or you can add a cleanser with the sponge for extra benefits.
Grey Hair	(Of the foetus) Are usually shed during the 7th month of foetal life following primary folliculo-genesis (the development of primary hair follicles which usually remain inactive until the neo-natal period).
Gynecomastia	An acronym for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. A commonly used tool for cosmetic and surgical procedures.
Hair Chalk	For ladies who want to grow longer lashes, consider. A clear liquid that’s formulated with ingredients that promote the growth of lashes while conditioning existing eyelashes, lash enhancer serum is meant to be applied directly to the lash line every night for optimal results.
Hair Cloning	Layering is a technique used by hairdressers to change the thickness of the hair, creating either a thinning or thicker appearance. In this way the hair can be given a fuller appearance, more texture and movement.
Hair Extensions	A flat, discoloured area of skin similar to a freckle. Sun induced lentigines (plural of lentigo) are known a Solar Lentigines.
Hair Growth Cycle	Refers to a congenital absence of pigment in a lock of hairs which will show as grey/white. Several generations of some families have been known to exhibit this dominant trait.
Hair Integration	Lip products in the form of a twist-up crayon,are typically formulated as a sheer lip balm or stain, and are more sanitary than a pot of lip balm (which you’d typically apply with a finger).
Hair Mascara	Lip plumper is a clear,serum-likeproduct with ingredients that work to enhance blood flow in the lips, delivering a tingling sensation that translates to a fuller pout. Often times, lip plumper is an added ingredient in existing lip products that offer plumping as a side benefit.
Hair Oil	Designed to be worn under lipstick, lip primer works to fill in and smooth out lips for smooth, even color that lasts without feathering.
Hair Primer	Exfoliate your lips with a! Usually formulated with sugar or another large granule for exfoliation, use your finger or a toothbrush to apply lip scrub to your mouth, making small circular motions to buff away dry, dead skin. Wash off the scrub and finish with a lip balm to lock in moisture.
Hair Weaving	iscolor without texture, which is perfect for girls who want saturated lip color without the feeling of lipstick. Most commonly seen in packaging similar to lip gloss, stain comes in a liquid form and dries to a sheer wash of intense color.
Hair Weft Clips	Lipids are part of the structure of the hair and also form a protective barrier. They are composed of EFA’s amongst other complicated scientific things.
Heat clamps	For ultimate precision, apply your lipstick with a. Short, stiff, smooth bristles give you a precise application on a tough spot.
Heated Eyelash Curler	An eyeliner for the most skilled beauty junkies out there,comes in a thin tube with a short, pointed brush for application. If you’re going for a bold liner look — winged, cat eye, or graphic — liquid is the way to go, but be sure to have Q-tips ready for clean up, and give your eye about 30 seconds of dry time once you apply.
Henna	Strengthens and rebuilds the structure of the hair.
Highlighter	An oil or oil rich crème or lotion designed to lubricate the skin and slow moisture loss.
Highlights	Makes smooth or slippery by using oil to overcome friction.
Hirsutism	Flexible resin.
Humectant	Makeup eraser pens are incredibly useful when it comes to small areas (eyes and lips) that needcleaning up in the details. In the form of a marker, the tube of the makeup eraser pen is filled with makeup remover. Use the tip of the pen to remove stray marks of lipstick or mascara, plus use it to get your cat eye just right.
Humidity	A non – shiny surface that absorbs light; a dead or dull finish.
Hydrate	The medulla is a central zone of cells usually only present in large thick hairs.
Hydrogen Peroxide	Natural substance that gives colour (pigment) to hair and skin.
Hydrolyzed Keratin	A form of skin cancer.
Hyperpigmentation	Dark skin discolouration on sun-exposed areas of the face and neck. Young women with brownish skin tones are at greatest risk. Also known as Chloasma.
Hypopigmentation	The body transformation of food into energy.
Indentation	Optimum hold without overload.
Infusion	Brushes out easily.
Ingrown Hair	A very small hair graft usually consisting of one or two hairs.
Interlocking	The process of attaching hair wefts without braids. The links are sewn on to the wefted hair. The user’s natural hair is pulled through and locked secure. This system is highly recommended for natural hair that is too fine or soft to hold other weave techniques.
Ionic	An intensive exfoliation process that rejuvenates the skin by utilizing ultra-fine aluminium oxide crystals to remove the upper layer of the stratum corneum (microderm, microdermibrasion, microdermebrasion, microdermbrasion, microderma)
Ipl Intense Pulsed Light	A loose foundation powder made with minerals,is applied with a large foundation brush. The formula allows your skin to breathe without clogging pores, and is particularly good for sensitive skin as it’s non-irritating.
Isopropyl Lanolate	A small hair graft usually consisting of between three to ten hair roots.
Jojoba Oil	Minoxidil is the generic name of the brand name drug Rogaine. Rogaine is manufactured by Upjohn. Minoxidil is available in the form of a topical lotion with varying strength from 2% to 5%. Minoxidil was the first drug to be approved by the FDA for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.
Joule	Designed to work on damp hair,have a slew of hydrating, nourishing ingredients your hair can absorb for maximum moisture. Theycan be applied to damp hair and rinsed 10-15 minutes later. For an added boost, apply to damp hair, cover with a shower cap, and use your hair dryer on medium heat for about five minutes.
Kabuki Brush	An emollient cream used to hydrate the skin.
Kanekalon	Fine, transparent nylon or silk mesh with hairs individually hand-knotted into the mesh. Allows the hair to fall naturally and gives more versatility in styling. Very suitable for persons with extensive hair loss, as the color of the scalp underneath shows through, creating the illusion of hair growing out of your scalp.
Keloids	Synthetic moisturizer.
Keratin	Also called a nail hardener treatment, nail strengthener is applied as a polish and contains ingredients like gelatin that work to condition and strengthen nails for better health and growth.
Keratin Nail Treatment	are full nail-sized stickers, both with and without patterns, that are applied to the nail and then filed to the proper fit of the nail shape. Many nail wraps can be removed with a regular nail polish remover.
Konjac Sponge	Ingredients extracted directly from plants, earth minerals, or animal products as opposed to being produced synthetically.
Lanugo Hairs	Receptors which respond to touch, pain, pressure, heat and cold.
Laser	To cancel or reduce effect.
Lash Enhancer Serum	Procedures that do not involve tools that break the skin or physically enter the body.
Layering	The most commonly used scale for the classification of hair loss.
Lentigo	A substance, such as a vitamin, which provides elements for the ongoing functioning of the body’s metabolic processes.
Leucotrichia	Pertaining to carbon – based compounds produced by living plants, animals or by synthetic processes. Referring to substances that are or have been alive, and therefore contain carbon molecules in their chemical structure.
Lip Crayon	A soft thin layer surrounding the lower two-thirds of a hair.
Lip Plumper	In women, a major source of female hormones. Certain conditions involving the ovaries can lead to excess hair growth, especially polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Lip Primer	Overly aggressive treatment to remove hair which leads to temporary or permanent skin damage.
Lip Scrub	A color which requires oxygen to make it work.
Lip Stain	Seals and adds shine.
Lipid Layer	Copolymer Nonionic “film” forming agent.
Lipstick Brush	Esther found in sunscreen and cosmetic products that can make skin sensitive.
Liquid Eyeliner	A technique used to smooth out the shaft of a loc by rolling it, with or without product, between the palms of the hands.
Liquid Hair	Synthetic moisturizer.
Lubricant	Aids detangling. Provides volume, control and shine.
Lubricates	Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5 (a B vitamin), is a water-soluble vitamin required to sustain life (essential nutrient). Pantothenic acid is needed to form coenzyme-A (CoA), and is critical in the metabolism and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Luvimer	The small area at the base of the hair root which provides nutrients needed for growth.
Makeup Eraser Pen	The most concentrated and most fragrant scent and therefore the most expensive.
Matte	A test performed (usually with a hair dye or other potential allergen) on the skin 24 hours before its use to determine sensitivity.
Medulla	I know what you are thinking arrgh the 80’s disaster cut. The Perm creates curls by restructuring your hair molecules with a chemical, or heat treatment and is generally a long-lasting or permanent change to your hair.
Melanin	A definition set by the American FDA that most laser and intense light source manufacturers claim to meet for hair removal.
Melanoma	Treatments, especially IPL, where the follicle is disabled by the light energy making it unable to support any more hair growth. permanent hair removal, permanent hair reduction, permanent hair removal, permanent hair reduction)
Melasma	Completely changing the natural color of the hair.
Metabolism	Color.
Micro Diffuse	Variety of skin conditions mainly the result of excess melanin. Commonly known as Café au Lait stains, birthmarks, age spots and freckles.
Micro Fine	A marker filled with nail polish remover, use a polish corrector pen on the edges and cuticles after a manicure to clean up stray polish marks.
Micro Graft	A small opening of the sweat glands of the skin.
Micro Linking Technique	Ability to absorb moisture.
Microdermabrasion	The brand name for finasteride. The only drug approved by the FDA to treat hair loss.
Mineral Powder	Pertaining to a drug that is produced for profit.
Mini Graft	The brand name for finasteride approved for the treatment of BPH.
Minoxidil	A treatment used on the hair. Designed to add strength and elasticity to the hair by adding protein to the cortex.
Moisture Mask	Chronic skin inflammation characterized by frequent episodes of redness, itching and thick, dry scales.
Moisturizer	The old fashioned way of removing grafts for hair transplants, usually carried out using an instrument called a trephine
Monofilament	A device that produces short intense bursts of energy from a laser.
Myristate	The bald or thinning area where hair grafts or plugs a transplanted.
Nail Strengthener Treatment	To chemically straighten the hair to gently smooth out curl, reduce frizz, or create a straight style.
Nail Wraps	A chemical process by which the hair is permanently straightened. New-growth areas have to be maintained via ‘touch-ups’ to continue the straightened pattern. A relaxer penetrates the cortex and breaking the hairs’ natural chemical bonds which originally caused it to be curly. Once these chemical bonds are broken, they can not be repaired so the hair is unable to return to its natural state.
Natural	Refers to human hair (usually Indian in origin) which has been harvested from root to end, with all of the cuticle going in the same direction. It is different from Virgin hair as it may be colored or permed, but has not had the cuticle removed. It is generally soft and silky, and is used in making higher quality wigs, extensions, and hair systems.
Nerve Endings	Stops or opposes treatment.
Neutralize	Retinoic Acid, compound that is often used to improve the appearance and texture of the skin.
Non-Invasive	Used in place of a base coat, ridge filler contains ingredients such as silk that help to fill in nail ridges to give a smooth, even manicure.
Norwood Scale	The brand name for minoxidil. A topical hair growth solution for hair loss.
Nutrient	Also known as Acne Rosacea or Adult Acne. A disorder involving chronic inflammation of the cheeks, nose, chin, forehead or eyelids. It may cause redness, vascularity, swelling or hyperplasia (increase size of tissue) or skin eruptions. (rosecea, roasacea, rosasea, rosesea, rosacia, rosecia)
Organic	A Rough Blow Dry is just to remove the moisture from wet hair, i.e. just to dry the hair without styling. To try and style your hair whilst trying to blow it dry from wet can take ages, so rough blow dry your hair and then worry about the style.
Outer Root Sheath	Commonly used laser for hair and tattoo removal.
Ovaries	Bone in the lower back
Overtreatment	Saw Palmetto is a natural herb that has been shown to be an effective antiandrogen.
Oxidation Colour	Your scalp needs sunscreen just as much as the rest of your skin.comes in a spray bottle, and can be used on wet or dry hair. Keep it in your beach bag for reapplication, and remember to apply a bit more generously along your part.
P.V.P	Trichoptilosis, schizotrichia, and informally split ends, is the splitting or fraying of the hair-shaft due to excessive heat and mechanical stress.
P.V.P/VA	A disease of the skin and connective tissue that can cause hair loss over the affected areas.
Paba	A technique for drying your hair which creates a style at the same time. Using a diffuser on your hairdryer, put the dryer underneath and literally scrunch your hair with your free hand.
Palm Rolling	A liquid infused with salt, spritzthroughout towel dried hair and let air dry for natural, beachy waves. For an extra boost, braid hair and leave it overnight to wake up with waves in the morning.
Palmitate	Fatty or greasy, usually referring to the oil-secrating glans of the scalp.
Panthenol	Oil producing gland in the dermis.
Pantothenic Acid	Seborrhoeic dermatitis has been called a more extensive and severe form of dandruff.
Papilla	The oily secretion of the sebaceous glands of the scalp, composed of keratin, fat or cellular debris.
Parfum	Sectioning your hair allows you to only pay attention to a particular area or panel of hair. You or your hairdresser will do this when blow-drying, cutting or colouring your hair, and will section your hair by taking a panel of hair and pinning or ignoring the rest.
Patch Test	Selectively targeting dermal structures with light energy, without causing damage to surrounding tissue.
Perm	A sun tanning product that contains DHA, which reacts with amino acids in the top layer of skin, causing it to temporarily darken (2-4 days).
Permanent	A color which lasts from 6 – 8 shampoos.
Permanent Hair Reduction	A serum is a smoothing product to stop your hair from frizzing, keeping it smooth and straight. You’ll be able to find a serum that is specifically designed to your own hair type.
Permanently	Increases wet and dry combability.
Pigment	A natural water-soluble source of acid derived from liquid silk; these acids help moisture penetrate the skin (aid in absorption) and aid in skin healing. Used in skin and hair products.
Pigmented Lesion (Benign)	Combating the signs of ageing using the latest innovative, non invasive treatments that give you visibly younger, healthy, radiant skin (facial rejuvenation, skin rejuvenation)
Polish Corrector Pen	To become shed or cast off (to separate in the form of dead tissue from living tissue).
Pore	Cleansing agent that is a sodium or potassium salt of animal or vegetable fat.
Porosity	Being able to dissolve into, or being compatible with, another substance.
Propecia	Reducing skin discomforts from irritation, blemishes, burning skin, etc.
Proprietary	An acronym for “Sun Protection Factor” ranging from 2 to 45 with 2 being the least protection and 45 the most.
Proscar	See broken capillaries (spyder vein, spider vain)
Protein Treatment	Trichoptilosis, schizotrichia, and informally split ends, is the splitting or fraying of the hair-shaft due to excessive heat and mechanical stress.
Psoriasis	This is a drug normally used to treat high blood pressure, however is also acts as an antiandrogen and is used in the treatment of androgen related disorders such as female pattern baldness and hirsuitism.
Punch Graft	Spritz is a light mist or spray, which when used as verb means to lightly spray your hair.
Q-Switch	The process by which most synthetic fiber is curled at the factory. The curl pattern in a synthetic wig or hairpiece may be changed by setting it in rollers or clips, and using an ordinary hand-held clothing steamer on them. After steaming the curls, let the fiber get completely cool before removing the pins or rollers.
Recipient Site	A thin, long brush used to create intricate, striping brushes are sold both on their own and in their own bottles of polish. Solo brushes can be used with anypolish color.
Relax	Soft hold wax that’s ideal for short hairstyles, use wax to get a pieced, texturized look easily. All you’ll need is a small amount (less than dime-sized). Rub the wax into your hands to disperse it a bit, then use your fingers to style certain pieces of hair for your desired look.
Relaxer	Pertains to the skin.
Remi/Remy Hair	The body’s shock absorber.
Resistant	Products that reflect all the sun’s rays, such as zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. They permit minimal tanning, and are a good choice for those who are sensitive to chemicals.
Retin-A	Products with ingredients that absorb UVA and UVB rays. Find one labeled “broad spectrum” for maximum protection. “
Ridge Filler	The enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. As such, it is an important antioxidant defense in nearly all cells exposed to oxygen.
Rogaine/Regaine	Active agent that allows oil to mix with water. Used in skincare products like cleansers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, solubizers, conditioning agents and foam stabilizers.
Rosacea	When your skin is damaged by exposure to the UVA and UVB rays of the sun, its reaction is to produce more melanin as an attempt to protect itself against further damage. Melanocytes (produce Melanin) float within the epidermis and don’t migrate to the top. Melanin is a brown colored protein that helps determine the color of our skin. The Melanin that the melanocytes make finds its way into the keratinocytes (the cells containing the keratin) as they make their way up to the surface. The melanocytes produce more melanin when we are exposed to the sun. The result of this is a tan.
Rough Blow Dry	Metabolising stubborn fat deposits, typically in the lower body, using methods such as Eporex mesotherapy (targetted fat reduction)
Ruby	Tea tree oil is an extraction from the Melaleuca tree. Tea tree oil should not be confused with tea oil, the sweet seasoning and cooking oil from pressed seeds of the tea plant (drinking tea) Camellia sinensis or the tea oil plant Camellia oleifera. (Cajeput)
Sacrum	The resting phase in the hair cycle.
Saw Palmetto	Hairshafts are produced by follicles within the skin in all but few locations viz – palms soles, lips, eyelids, backs of distal phalanges and parts of the external genitalia. Each productive hair follicle provides hairshafts throughout the life of the person. Some follicles may intermittently produce vellus or terminal hairshafts.
Scalp Sunscreen	A hair color formula that lasts only until you shampoo your hair.
Schizotrichia	Are coarse, pigmented or non-pigmented, exist on the scalp and gain length at a rate of 1-2cm per month during a cyclical life of up to 10 years.
Scleroderma	A predominantly male hormone which promotes the development of male characteristics.
Scrunch Dry	A texturizer is a mild relaxing treatment. Instead of causing the hair to be ‘bone straight,’ this chemical treatment is left on for a shorter period of time. The idea is to slightly relax the natural curl in African hair so that it’s more manageable and with proper maintenance, one can mimic curly styles.
Sea Salt Spray	Temporarily straightening the hair with a heated iron.
Sebaceous	Typically a liquid in a spray bottle,is used to protect your hair from the high temperatures of heat styling tools that can do massive damage causing dryness and breakage. Apply to damp hair and comb through for even coverage.
Sebaceous Gland	See broken capillaries (thred vein, thread vain, thred vain)
Seborrhoeic Dermatitis	Distribution of ashen and warm pigments, visual effect of gold or ash in the hair.
Sebum	Used to remove traces of makeup and cleanser before applying lotion,is a clear liquid that’s typically applied all over the face with a cotton ball or tissue. It can also be used to balance oily skin.
Sectioning	Means to apply directly onto the scalp.
Selective Photothermolysis	Tourmaline is a crystal silicate mineral compounded with elements such as aluminium, iron, magnesium, sodium, lithium, or potassium. Tourmaline gem stones come in a wide variety of colors. The name comes from the Sinhalese word “turamali” or “toramalli”, which applied to different gemstones found in Sri Lanka. Crystals of tourmaline when heated exhibit electric polarity which in turn helps theioniceffect”
Self – Tanner	Parting or a cornrow that establishes the placement pattern of wefts or strand additions.
Semi – Permanent	This refers to hair loss which occurs due to traction being placed on hair. Traction alopecia is commonly seen with braids, pony tails and other hairstyles which cause tension on the scalp.
Serum	Allows some light to pass through.
Silicone	A treatment is used in between Shampoo and Conditioner to put protein back into the hair. You should leave the treatment in your hair for approximately 5 minutes before using your conditioner. You’ll be able to find a treatment designed for your hair type.
Silk Protein	Trichoptilosis, schizotrichia, and informally split ends, is the splitting or fraying of the hair-shaft due to excessive heat and mechanical stress.
Skin Rejuvenation	This form of hair loss is caused by pulling out one’s own hair, usually without realising it.
Slough	Is effective against most bacteria occurring on the skin.
Soap	The forehead, nose and chin areas, which tend to be oilier than the cheeks.
Soluble	An area of tissue erosion. They are always depressed and are due to irritation. They may become infected and inflamed as they grow.
Soothing	Ultraviolet radiation. The invisible spectrum of solar radiation. It is divided into three regions with increasing danger to the skin; UV – A, UV – B, and UV – C.
Spf	The soft downy hair found covering the body.
Spider Vein	Are soft, non-pigmented and rarely exceed a length of 2 cm due to the short anagen phase of cyclic follicular activity.
Split Ends	The top of the head towards the posterior position, including the area at which the hair grows in a spiral pattern.
Sprionolactone	Blister formation caused by thermal damage.
Spritz	This term refers to human hair which is still in its original state as harvested from the grower, and which has not been permed, colored, or chemically processed in any way. It is carefully cut from the grower with the cuticle going in the same direction and preserved to maximize its special quality. Harvesting the hair in this manner takes more time, which contributes to the premium price of this hair. Virgin hair can be of any ethnic origin, but the best quality hair used in making wigs today is of Russian, Ukrainian, Belgian, and Turkish origin. This is the most expensive hair of all because it is not as plentiful as lesser quality hair. In spite of the high cost, top-quality Virgin European hair wigs are in high demand by those who wish to wear only the finest.
Steaming	Loss of pigment at small or large areas of skin/hairs. This is due to melanin failure caused by damaged melanocytes. This damage or destruction is thought to be associated with an immune system reaction, or genetic defect. The progress of the disease is unpredictable. Approx. 2% of the population is affected.
Striping Brush	Repels moisture or water; not readily removed with water.
Styling Wax	A hair weave is usually a hairpiece with layered gaps made into it. This is then placed on a person’s head and his/her own real hair is weaved into the hairpiece.
Subcutaneous	An amount of hair or fiber which is doubled over and MACHINE-SEWN along the top to create a long strand of hair. This is also the type of hair strand used for hair extensions and weaving.
Subcutaneous Tissue	Wefts are temporary hair extensions which are glued into your hair.
Sunblock	Having no pigment. Possible causes – Genetic. Vitamin B deficiency. Drugs for treatment of arthritis. Other health factors.
Sunscreen	The term used to describe any hairpiece with a full cap which covers the hair on the head, or the entire area where hair normally grows, as a substitute for hair. The purpose of a wig is to create your ideal look.
Superoxide Dismutase	The enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. As such, it is an important antioxidant defense in nearly all cells exposed to oxygen.
Surfactants	Active agent that allows oil to mix with water. Used in skincare products like cleansers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, solubizers, conditioning agents and foam stabilizers.
Tan	When your skin is damaged by exposure to the UVA and UVB rays of the sun, its reaction is to produce more melanin as an attempt to protect itself against further damage. Melanocytes (produce Melanin) float within the epidermis and don’t migrate to the top. Melanin is a brown colored protein that helps determine the color of our skin. The Melanin that the melanocytes make finds its way into the keratinocytes (the cells containing the keratin) as they make their way up to the surface. The melanocytes produce more melanin when we are exposed to the sun. The result of this is a tan.
Targeted Fat Reduction	Metabolising stubborn fat deposits, typically in the lower body, using methods such as Eporex mesotherapy (targetted fat reduction)
Tea Tree Oil	Tea tree oil is an extraction from the Melaleuca tree. Tea tree oil should not be confused with tea oil, the sweet seasoning and cooking oil from pressed seeds of the tea plant (drinking tea) Camellia sinensis or the tea oil plant Camellia oleifera. (Cajeput)
Telogen	The resting phase in the hair cycle.
Telogen Effluvium	Hairshafts are produced by follicles within the skin in all but few locations viz – palms soles, lips, eyelids, backs of distal phalanges and parts of the external genitalia. Each productive hair follicle provides hairshafts throughout the life of the person. Some follicles may intermittently produce vellus or terminal hairshafts.
Temporary Color	A hair color formula that lasts only until you shampoo your hair.
Terminal Hairs	Are coarse, pigmented or non-pigmented, exist on the scalp and gain length at a rate of 1-2cm per month during a cyclical life of up to 10 years.
Testosterone	A predominantly male hormone which promotes the development of male characteristics.
Texturizer	A texturizer is a mild relaxing treatment. Instead of causing the hair to be ‘bone straight,’ this chemical treatment is left on for a shorter period of time. The idea is to slightly relax the natural curl in African hair so that it’s more manageable and with proper maintenance, one can mimic curly styles.
Thermal Process	Temporarily straightening the hair with a heated iron.
Thermal Protectant	Typically a liquid in a spray bottle,is used to protect your hair from the high temperatures of heat styling tools that can do massive damage causing dryness and breakage. Apply to damp hair and comb through for even coverage.
Thread Vein	See broken capillaries (thred vein, thread vain, thred vain)
Tone	Distribution of ashen and warm pigments, visual effect of gold or ash in the hair.
Toner	Used to remove traces of makeup and cleanser before applying lotion,is a clear liquid that’s typically applied all over the face with a cotton ball or tissue. It can also be used to balance oily skin.
Topically	Means to apply directly onto the scalp.
Tourmaline	Tourmaline is a crystal silicate mineral compounded with elements such as aluminium, iron, magnesium, sodium, lithium, or potassium. Tourmaline gem stones come in a wide variety of colors. The name comes from the Sinhalese word “turamali” or “toramalli”, which applied to different gemstones found in Sri Lanka. Crystals of tourmaline when heated exhibit electric polarity which in turn helps theioniceffect”
Track	Parting or a cornrow that establishes the placement pattern of wefts or strand additions.
Traction Alopecia	This refers to hair loss which occurs due to traction being placed on hair. Traction alopecia is commonly seen with braids, pony tails and other hairstyles which cause tension on the scalp.
Translucent	Allows some light to pass through.
Treatment	A treatment is used in between Shampoo and Conditioner to put protein back into the hair. You should leave the treatment in your hair for approximately 5 minutes before using your conditioner. You’ll be able to find a treatment designed for your hair type.
Trichoptilosis	Trichoptilosis, schizotrichia, and informally split ends, is the splitting or fraying of the hair-shaft due to excessive heat and mechanical stress.
Trichotillomania	This form of hair loss is caused by pulling out one’s own hair, usually without realising it.
Triclosan	Is effective against most bacteria occurring on the skin.
T-Zone	The forehead, nose and chin areas, which tend to be oilier than the cheeks.
Ulcer	An area of tissue erosion. They are always depressed and are due to irritation. They may become infected and inflamed as they grow.
UV	Ultraviolet radiation. The invisible spectrum of solar radiation. It is divided into three regions with increasing danger to the skin; UV – A, UV – B, and UV – C.
Vellus	The soft downy hair found covering the body.
Vellus Hairs	Are soft, non-pigmented and rarely exceed a length of 2 cm due to the short anagen phase of cyclic follicular activity.
Vertex	The top of the head towards the posterior position, including the area at which the hair grows in a spiral pattern.
Vesiculation	Blister formation caused by thermal damage.
Virgin Hair	This term refers to human hair which is still in its original state as harvested from the grower, and which has not been permed, colored, or chemically processed in any way. It is carefully cut from the grower with the cuticle going in the same direction and preserved to maximize its special quality. Harvesting the hair in this manner takes more time, which contributes to the premium price of this hair. Virgin hair can be of any ethnic origin, but the best quality hair used in making wigs today is of Russian, Ukrainian, Belgian, and Turkish origin. This is the most expensive hair of all because it is not as plentiful as lesser quality hair. In spite of the high cost, top-quality Virgin European hair wigs are in high demand by those who wish to wear only the finest.
Vitiligo	Loss of pigment at small or large areas of skin/hairs. This is due to melanin failure caused by damaged melanocytes. This damage or destruction is thought to be associated with an immune system reaction, or genetic defect. The progress of the disease is unpredictable. Approx. 2% of the population is affected.
Water – Resistant	Repels moisture or water; not readily removed with water.
Weave	A hair weave is usually a hairpiece with layered gaps made into it. This is then placed on a person’s head and his/her own real hair is weaved into the hairpiece.
Weft	An amount of hair or fiber which is doubled over and MACHINE-SEWN along the top to create a long strand of hair. This is also the type of hair strand used for hair extensions and weaving.
Wefts	Wefts are temporary hair extensions which are glued into your hair.
White Hair	Having no pigment. Possible causes – Genetic. Vitamin B deficiency. Drugs for treatment of arthritis. Other health factors.
Wig	The term used to describe any hairpiece with a full cap which covers the hair on the head, or the entire area where hair normally grows, as a substitute for hair. The purpose of a wig is to create your ideal look.